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Showing posts with label course components. Show all posts
Showing posts with label course components. Show all posts

Reflective analysis

Friday, May 3, 2019
Overall, I am happy with the way that my podcast has turned out and immensely enjoyed both the practicalities of making it and the research that came prior to creating the script.

There are, however, details that I feel could have been improved to make the viewing experience more pleasurable. I hoped to capture the bowl in a more interesting manner, however due to the limitations of handling a delicate and highly valuable object as well as the issue of removing any hands from the footage, I had to settle on a simple spinning motion. I felt including my hands in the footage would have taken away from the film, as although I did not have to wear blue gloves, it still did not look as professional or aesthetically pleasing. It was also a shame that I wasn't able to film pieces that were in other galleries such as the Dutch Tiles, however I hope that by including still images of these objects I could show a better visual comparison and help the viewer follow my line of speech better. Another massive shame was that my video was watermarked with the software that I used. Unfortunately I was unable to get around this but it does not make for the most pleasurable viewing experience.

In terms of my research log, I tried to keep the process as organic as possible and write blog posts when and where the information became available to me. Particularly in the instance of the translation issue, where I was awaiting replies/an answer for a long time, this means the blog is not always in the more readable order and often diverts down (unnecessary) tangents. However, I feel I got more out of the project this way as it allowed for a wider breadth of research and the time to personally reflect and think about my object.

After having picked the bowl, I discovered that there was a lack of information about the trail of its path to Durham due to poor records, and with no name of artist available, it became hard to do specific research on the bowl. I therefore leaned a lot more on researching the general history and nature of fritware, and a comparative stance with other bowls in the collection and the archives of the Victoria and Albert and essays from the Metropolitan museum. One silver lining of this lack of information though, was that it did force me to get in touch with several experts, including my translator and the National Arts Fund, which was massively rewarding and made me feel a lot more involved in my research.

After I felt I had a good body of knowledge behind me, it was time to create the storyline and script for my podcast. I found this by far the most enjoyable part of the process, as unlike the traditional academic essays I am used to writing, where a strong argument must be followed, this allowed me to delve into the parts I found the most interesting and have more of a flow behind my work.

I cannot express my gratitude enough for the help of the staff at the Oriental Museum who were extremely helpful in providing the documentation that I needed and their patience when I stressed about the origin of the bowl. Thanks also to Anthony Parton for putting together the module and the unique chance for a research project quite unlike any other that is on offer at Durham University.

Research questions - narrowing down the field

Sunday, April 14, 2019
In order to keep my research concise and informative, specifically focused around the bowl, I decided to split it into several research questions. These have been listed down below and should all have their own blogpost dedicated to them.
  1. What techniques were used in creating Islamic ceramics? How did these change and develop over time? 
  2. What is the context/history surrounding your object? What was the impact on Islamic art in general? 
  3. What is the significance of the calligraphy round the outside of the bowl/in Islamic art? 
  4. How were decorative motifs used to decorate the bowl - what do they represent in Islamic art? 
  5. What was the function of the bowl? 
  6. What is the contemporary value of the bowl/others in the collection and what is the market for this type of pottery like now? 
Time allowing, an answer to all of the above will also make it into my podcast later on!

Rationale for the form and content of my podcast

Friday, March 22, 2019
My research log began as a way to document and answer my initial research questions, and I continue to delve deeper into a select few in my podcast in order to give them the depth that they deserve. Casting my net wide, I initially came up with a broad range of topics that I thought could illuminate some interesting details about my object:
  • Decorative themes 
  • Techniques 
  • History of Persian Ceramics - pre-Islamic art and the spread of Islam 
  • Colours 
  • Decorative motifs 
  • Calligraphy 
This provided the basis for much of my work, and guided my exploration of the bowl. However, as broad and overarching themes, I wanted to narrow my focus for the podcast in order to make the best of the time limit. Therefore, I focus on the decorative themes of my object as the basis of the podcast. Whilst my research took a turn in the middle given the spanner from a translational perspective, my exploration was very interesting and raised some interesting questions about the value and authenticity of art.

Form

The form of my podcast is audio-visual, with my voice-over alongside complimenting imagery and videos to support my argument and show my image in further depth. I begin the introduction and conclude the podcast with a brief feature of Arabic muwashshahah music from the 13th century, however decided not to use this throughout the duration of the podcast. This was mainly to minimise distraction and ensure clarity of voice throughout the duration. In addition, because of changing imagery and videography in the podcast, I didn't want the audience's senses to be overwhelmed.

The main bulk of my video and imagery has come from primary sources and my own filming of the object and related pottery in the Oriental Museum. This was an amazing and unique opportunity to have and I really appreciated the chance on this module to have some hands-on time with the objects themselves to fully see up close the mastery in person. However, it did come with some difficulty as the fragile nature of the bowl meant I had to be very careful with it and this combined with getting steady footage did come as a challenge.

Secondary imagery that I used has mainly been taken from online sources (Google Arts and Cultures), the Metropolitan Museum and V&A and documentation from the National Arts Fund.

Content

My podcast begins with a title page, and Arabic music, shortly moving into a description of my object and reasoning behind choosing it. This music is calming, slow and religious in nature to reflect my object, and only carries on through the introduction in order to remove the risk of being too distracting - a problem I found in a few of the other podcasts that I had watched. I then move to a historical exploration of the previous owner of the pot, and how my object came to be in Durham. This is backed by images of the documentation between the National Arts Fund and Durham Oriental museum to show the nature of the transaction.

Following this I quickly bring into consideration the 8 other bowls in the bequest to begin a brief introductory comparison. I then begin a description of the techniques used to create the bowls illustrating the point with video footage of a potter making a pot out of fritware. I then go on to discuss the history of the techniques and how, at the beginning of the 12th century new pathways were opened up to artists due to new technology and knowledge, allowing a greater colour scheme.

Having explored some background knowledge about the craft, I go on to specifically cover the themes that I set out in my research questions. These include Imagery, Geometry, Arabesque and Calligraphy in Islamic Art. I decided to section each theme carefully, in order that the background imagery match well and to give a more chronological order to my podcast. In addition, I have tried to specifically reference their relation to my object and comparison objects in order to allow the audience to clearly see my points.

My podcast concludes with a reference to the contemporary value of the pots in the Durham Henry Van Der Bergh bequest, and a look as to the reasons why. The podcast is finished in much the same way it started, with music in the background, in order to nicely round it off and bring a cyclical nature to its presentation.

I had to cut down my podcast a lot from the original research that I had garnered for it because of time limitations but I hope I made the right decisions in where the material should come from in the end for a nicely flowing and interesting talk. However, I was still able to at least touch on all my main Research Questions, whilst hopefully providing a good depth to my podcast too.

Bibliography

Thursday, March 14, 2019
Websites:

Aaron, D. (n.d.). Exceptional Minai Bowl. [online] David Aaron. Available at: https://davidaaron.com/artworks/minai-bowl/ [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

CAIS (n.d.). The Homepage of the Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies (CAIS)©. [online] Cais-soas.com. Available at: http://www.cais-soas.com [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Encyclopedia Iranica (2019). CALLIGRAPHY – Encyclopaedia Iranica. [online] Iranicaonline.org. Available at: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/calligraphy [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Komaroff, L. (2001). The Art of the Ilkhanid Period (1256–1353). [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ilkh/hd_ilkh.htm [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Met Museum (2019). Vegetal Patterns in Islamic Art. [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/vege/hd_vege.htm [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Met Museum (2018). Possible Passage to England. [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/isac/hd_isac.htm - possible passage into England? [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Met Museum (2001). The Nature of Islamic Art. [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/orna/hd_orna.htm [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Met Museum (2001). Geometric Patterns in Islamic Art. [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/geom/hd_geom.htm [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Met Museum (2001). Calligraphy in Islamic Art. [online] Metmuseum.org. Available at: https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/cali/hd_cali.htm [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Rackham, B. (1923). Dutch tiles, the Van den Bergh gift. [online] HathiTrust. Available at: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101075437713;view=1up;seq=7 [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Roskill, E., London, E., Bergh, H., Bergh, H., J.P., D., Army, S., Army, R., Talbot, D., R.N., S. and London, E. (2019). Elisabeth Henrietta Charlotte (Van den Bergh) Roskill (1904-1983) | WikiTree FREE Family Tree. [online]

Vam.ac.uk. (2019). Real or Fake? - Victoria and Albert Museum. [online] Available at: http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/r/real-or-fake/ [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].Wikitree.com. Available at: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Van_den_Bergh-308 [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Books:

Akbari, S.C. (2009) Idols in the East : European representations of Islam and the Orient, 1100-1450. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Blair, Sheila S. Islamic Calligraphy. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006.

Bloom, J. (ed.) (2002) Early Islamic art and architecture. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Cooper, Emmanuel 1972 A History of Pottery. Longham Group Limited. London.

Critchlow, K. (1976) Islamic patterns : an analytical and cosmological approach. London: Thames and Hudson.

Fukai, Shinji 1981 Ceramics of Ancient Persia. Weatherhill/Tankosha publishers. New York, Tokyo.

Grabar, O. (2005) Early Islamic art, 650-1100. Aldershot: Ashgate Variorum.

Hillenbrand, R. (1999) Islamic art and architecture. London: Thames and Hudson.

Kühnel, Ernst. The Arabesque: Meaning and Transformation of an Ornament. Graz: Verlag für Sammler, 1977.

Lane, A. (1947). Early Islamic pottery. London: Faber and Faber.

Rice, David Talbot 1965 Islamic Art. Frederick A. Praeger, Publishers. New York.

Sinopoli, Carla M.1991 Approaches to Archaeological Ceramics. Plenum Press, New York.

Vernoit, S. (ed.) (1999) Discovering Islamic art : scholars, collectors and collections 1850-1950. London: I. B. Tauris.

Watson, O. (2004) Ceramics from Islamic lands. London: Thames & Hudson, in association with the al-Sabah Collection, Dar al-Athar al-Islamiyyah, Kuwait National Museum.

Wilkinson, C. K.1973 Nishapur: Pottery of the Early Islamic Period. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Yoshida, Mitsukuni 1972 In Search of Persian Pottery. John Weatherhill, Inc., Baltimore

Journals:

Oweis, F. (2002). Islamic Art as an Educational Tool about the Teaching of Islam. Art Education, 55(2), p.18.

Watson, O. (2004). Fakes and forgeries in Islamic Pottery. KUNST UND KUNSTHANDWERK IM ISLAM 2. BAMBERGER SYMPOSIUM DER ISLAMISCHEN KUNST, [online] 23(2), pp.517-539. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25817948.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3Ae535fda3d0d8d61ab5facf3872e7ee4a [Accessed 14 Apr. 2019].

Item links:

http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O279508/bowl-unknown/

https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/25434/lot/19/?category=list&length=10&page=2

https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/18950/lot/122/

https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/19516/lot/33/

Research proposal

Friday, February 15, 2019






Bowl, Pottery, Iran
Mid 13th Century CE
Gift from the Art Fund from the bequest of Henry Van der Bergh
DUROM.1983.24

The 'Object of Desire' that I have chosen is 'a deep bowl on circular foot decorated blue ground (turquoise glaze), with gold and black with foliage and interlaced scrollwork on a strapwork ground'.

The 'gilt foliage decorating the interior of this exquisite bowl combined the beauty of representational art with the elegance of geometry' is typical of much Iranian art work. Although the bowl is reconstructed from fragments, with some areas missing including two interior sections and two rim sections, it is still in fairly good condition - in fact this fragmentation allows us to delve deeper into the technical details used to construct the bowl. Its function is unknown and undocumented, however likely to be purely decorative.

The bowl itself came to the Durham Oriental Museum as part of a collection of 9 pots at the bequest of Henry Van der Bergh, and hails from the mid-13th Century CE. It has a diameter of 7 inches and is made of a medium called Fritware with Minai-Lajuardina decoration, with the style a transition between the two techniques. There is one area of dark yellow staining on the outside, and several similar smaller areas on the inside.

On first look around the museum, there were a couple of objects that piqued my interest. However, none more than this stunning turquoise bowl. The color was immediately eye catching to me, and having had a long-standing interest with Islamic and Persian art, I knew that the history behind it was likely to be personally fascinating. On deeper reflection, the fragmentation of the bowl really appealed to me, as it seemed to suggest a deeper history, and the chance to delve into this really excited me.

I organized a meeting with Rachel Barclay at the Oriental Museum as soon as I was decided on my object, to enquire some more about the bowl in question. She was kind enough to supply me with the full history on file about the bowl, as well as some surrounding documentation about how it, and the 8 other pieces of connected pottery, came to be a part of the permanent collection here in Durham. She also pointed out some useful sources of information surrounding the history and period the bowl came from to further explore the genre, techniques and themes that surrounded it's creation.

The existing information that the museum holds on my object is rather limited. We know the period in which it was produced, but not the artist, which could potentially be problematic in my research as it could give further detail and clarification about the history of the bowl. The style, paint and calligraphy decorating the bowl, however, are all details which can be researched further and likely to throw up some interesting themes to explore. After choosing my object, I have also written to the NACF to see whether they have any more details to supply me with and intend to research previous owners in further detail.

In terms of wider reading and research I have put together a bibliography to begin reading. The University Library, Jstor and Metropolitan Museum website all have many books, articles and essays available, and fascinating resources which I shall try and put to good use. In terms of further sources, the 8 other pieces of pottery which the bowl arrived with will serve as excellent points of comparison. I also intend on extending my research further with reference to the Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur, The Met and the V&A from past trips and during the Christmas break. Rachel has also suggested looking at the online resources of V&A website, which has a comprehensive list of reading for me to carry out.

There are a number of interesting ways to approach the object, however I would like to explore the bowl specifically in terms of the following topics:
  • Techniques 
  • Ceramics 
  • Colour 
  • Decorative motifs 
  • Calligraphy 
  • pre-Islamic art and the spread of Islam 
  • Repairs and damage 
At this initial juncture, the problem that I am most likely to face are limited documentation on the origins and history of this bowl, because of its date of construction. I am also likely to face difficulty as I do not speak Iranian, and this may make translation of any primary sources, and the inscription on the bowl difficult. However, I have found a variety of English sources that I can utilize. The final problem that I may face is the lack of information who the bowl was procured by and owned by, Henry Van der Bergh and Elizabeth Roskill. To begin my project, I will read secondary literature to develop my knowledge on the background and art form of the object, and then will arrange another meeting with Rachel to begin a more detailed and hands-on analysis of the object itself.